Ubuntu Linux

How to Obtain Ubuntu Linux

1. ShipIt service
2. Download ISO version from the website
3. Buy from various vendors

Booting Ubuntu Linux and the GNOME Desktop

Upper Bar:

Applications, Places, System, Quick Launch Icons, Available Updates, Sound Mixer, Date & Time, Shutdown Menu

Lower Bar:

Show-desktop Icon, Available Workspaces, Trash Can

Nautilus File Manager

Nautilus is the graphical file manager which is equivalent to Windows Explorer in the Windows operating system. To use open the Nautilus file manager: Places / Home Folder /

Show Hidden Files: View / Show Hidden Files
Hidden file names in Linux begin with a period ".", therefore, to make a file hidden you simply can rename the file and make it start with a period.

File Emblems:
You can attach emblem icons to folders to help describe the contents of the folders.

CD/DVD Creator
Go / [CD/DVD] Creator / Drag & Drop files which you wish to burn later on a disc

Filesystem:
The "File System" is the overall file system of the entire Ubuntu Linux operating system. The Linux file system is based on directories, it is not based on drives (e.g. the Windows file system). The name of the overall list of files is called the root partition. The slash "/" is a symbol for the root partition. Notice that when you go to the some directory its location will look something like this: / Home / Examples.

Below is the usual Linux Filesystem Hierarchy:

• "bin" directory is where executable applications are often stored, and "bin" stands for "Binary".
• "boot" folder is where the boot loader and its files are located as well as the Linux kernal it self.
• "cdrom" directory appears as a shortcut.
• "dev" directory contains links and directories for all the different devices found on your computer.
• "etc" directory (Etcee) contains most of the configuration files for various Linux programs and applications.
• "home" directory is the home folder for all the subdirectory for each user on the system. This is the director where users live.
• "lib" directory contains all the different libraries for all the different applications on the system.
• "media" and "mnt" (mount) are directories that contain mount points. Mount point is a directory where a drive or a device is assigned, such as CDROM, Floppy…etc
• "opt" directory contains optional applications and programs.
• "proc" directory contains information about system processes.
• "root" directory is the home folder for the root user (administrator).
• "sbin" is like the "bin" directory but its a system-level applications, which are only available to the root user.
• "srv" and "sys" are aditional directories used for low-level system procedures
• "temp" is a directory used for temporary use where it is written to and then cleaned when the system reboots.
• "usr" directory is a directory for Unix System Resources, which often contains source code or documentations.
• "var" is a directory that contains variable data, usually log files that are kept by the system.

File management rules:

1. File naming is case-sensitive.
2. Files are treated as a continuous list.